purchases-ios/Sources/Networking/HTTPClient/HTTPClient.swift

//
//  Copyright RevenueCat Inc. All Rights Reserved.
//
//  Licensed under the MIT License (the "License");
//  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
//  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
//
//  HTTPClient.swift
//
//  Created by César de la Vega on 7/22/21.

import Foundation

// swiftlint:disable file_length

class HTTPClient {

    typealias RequestHeaders = [String: String]
    typealias Completion<Value: HTTPResponseBody> = (HTTPResponse<Value>.Result) -> Void

    let systemInfo: SystemInfo
    let timeout: TimeInterval
    let apiKey: String
    let authHeaders: RequestHeaders

    private let session: URLSession
    private let state: Atomic<State> = .init(.initial)
    private let eTagManager: ETagManager
    private let dnsChecker: DNSCheckerType.Type

    init(apiKey: String,
         systemInfo: SystemInfo,
         eTagManager: ETagManager,
         dnsChecker: DNSCheckerType.Type = DNSChecker.self,
         requestTimeout: TimeInterval = Configuration.networkTimeoutDefault) {
        let config = URLSessionConfiguration.ephemeral
        config.httpMaximumConnectionsPerHost = 1
        config.timeoutIntervalForRequest = requestTimeout
        config.timeoutIntervalForResource = requestTimeout
        self.session = URLSession(configuration: config)
        self.systemInfo = systemInfo
        self.eTagManager = eTagManager
        self.dnsChecker = dnsChecker
        self.timeout = requestTimeout
        self.apiKey = apiKey
        self.authHeaders = HTTPClient.authorizationHeader(withAPIKey: apiKey)
    }

    func perform<Value: HTTPResponseBody>(_ request: HTTPRequest, completionHandler: Completion<Value>?) {
        self.perform(request: .init(httpRequest: request,
                                    authHeaders: self.authHeaders,
                                    completionHandler: completionHandler))
    }

    func clearCaches() {
        self.eTagManager.clearCaches()
    }

}

extension HTTPClient {

    static func authorizationHeader(withAPIKey apiKey: String) -> RequestHeaders {
        return [Self.authorizationHeaderName: "Bearer \(apiKey)"]
    }

    static func nonceHeader(with data: Data) -> RequestHeaders {
        return [Self.nonceHeaderName: data.base64EncodedString()]
    }

    static let authorizationHeaderName = "Authorization"
    static let nonceHeaderName = "X-Nonce"

}

// @unchecked because:
// - Class is not `final` (it's mocked). This implicitly makes subclasses `Sendable` even if they're not thread-safe.
extension HTTPClient: @unchecked Sendable {}

// MARK: - Private

private extension HTTPClient {

    struct State {
        var queuedRequests: [Request]
        var currentSerialRequest: Request?

        static let initial: Self = .init(queuedRequests: [], currentSerialRequest: nil)
    }

    struct Request: CustomStringConvertible {

        var httpRequest: HTTPRequest
        var headers: HTTPClient.RequestHeaders
        var completionHandler: HTTPClient.Completion<Data>?
        var retried: Bool = false

        init<Value: HTTPResponseBody>(httpRequest: HTTPRequest,
                                      authHeaders: HTTPClient.RequestHeaders,
                                      completionHandler: HTTPClient.Completion<Value>?) {
            self.httpRequest = httpRequest
            self.headers = httpRequest.headers(with: authHeaders)

            if let completionHandler = completionHandler {
                self.completionHandler = { result in
                    completionHandler(result.parseResponse())
                }
            } else {
                self.completionHandler = nil
            }
        }

        var method: HTTPRequest.Method { self.httpRequest.method }
        var path: String { self.httpRequest.path.description }

        func adding(defaultHeaders: HTTPClient.RequestHeaders) -> Self {
            var copy = self
            copy.headers = defaultHeaders.merging(self.headers)

            return copy
        }

        func retriedRequest() -> Self {
            var copy = self
            copy.retried = true

            return copy
        }

        var description: String {
            """
            <\(type(of: self)): httpMethod=\(self.method.httpMethod)
            path=\(self.path)
            headers=\(self.headers.description )
            retried=\(self.retried)
            >
            """
        }
    }

}

private extension HTTPClient {

    var defaultHeaders: [String: String] {
        var headers: [String: String] = [
            "content-type": "application/json",
            "X-Version": SystemInfo.frameworkVersion,
            "X-Platform": SystemInfo.platformHeader,
            "X-Platform-Version": SystemInfo.systemVersion,
            "X-Platform-Flavor": systemInfo.platformFlavor,
            "X-Client-Version": SystemInfo.appVersion,
            "X-Client-Build-Version": SystemInfo.buildVersion,
            "X-Client-Bundle-ID": SystemInfo.bundleIdentifier,
            "X-StoreKit2-Enabled": "\(self.systemInfo.storeKit2Setting.isEnabledAndAvailable)",
            "X-Observer-Mode-Enabled": "\(self.systemInfo.observerMode)",
            "X-Is-Sandbox": "\(self.systemInfo.isSandbox)"
        ]

        if let platformFlavorVersion = self.systemInfo.platformFlavorVersion {
            headers["X-Platform-Flavor-Version"] = platformFlavorVersion
        }

        if let idfv = systemInfo.identifierForVendor {
            headers["X-Apple-Device-Identifier"] = idfv
        }
        return headers
    }

    func perform(request: Request) {
        if !request.retried {
            let requestEnqueued: Bool = self.state.modify {
                if $0.currentSerialRequest != nil {
                    Logger.debug(Strings.network.serial_request_queued(httpMethod: request.method.httpMethod,
                                                                       path: request.path,
                                                                       queuedRequestsCount: $0.queuedRequests.count))

                    $0.queuedRequests.append(request)
                    return true
                } else {
                    Logger.debug(Strings.network.starting_request(httpMethod: request.method.httpMethod,
                                                                  path: request.path))
                    $0.currentSerialRequest = request
                    return false
                }
            }

            guard !requestEnqueued else { return }
        }

        self.start(request: request)
    }

    /// - Returns: `nil` if the request must be retried
    func parse(urlResponse: URLResponse?,
               request: Request,
               urlRequest: URLRequest,
               data: Data?,
               error networkError: Error?) -> HTTPResponse<Data>.Result? {
        if let networkError = networkError {
            return .failure(NetworkError(networkError, dnsChecker: self.dnsChecker))
        }

        guard let httpURLResponse = urlResponse as? HTTPURLResponse else {
            return .failure(.unexpectedResponse(urlResponse))
        }

        /// - Returns `nil` if status code is 304, since the response will be empty
        /// and fetched from the eTag.
        func dataIfAvailable(_ statusCode: HTTPStatusCode) -> Data? {
            if statusCode == .notModified {
                return nil
            } else {
                return data
            }
        }

        let statusCode = HTTPStatusCode(rawValue: httpURLResponse.statusCode)

        return Result
            .success(dataIfAvailable(statusCode))
            .mapSuccessToOptionalHTTPResult(statusCode)
            .map {
                self.eTagManager.httpResultFromCacheOrBackend(with: httpURLResponse,
                                                              data: $0.body,
                                                              request: urlRequest,
                                                              retried: request.retried)
            }
            .asOptionalResult?
            .convertUnsuccessfulResponseToError()
    }

    func handle(urlResponse: URLResponse?,
                request: Request,
                urlRequest: URLRequest,
                data: Data?,
                error networkError: Error?) {
        let response = self.parse(
            urlResponse: urlResponse,
            request: request,
            urlRequest: urlRequest,
            data: data,
            error: networkError
        )

        if let response = response {
            switch response {
            case let .success(response):
                Logger.debug(Strings.network.api_request_completed(request.httpRequest, httpCode: response.statusCode))
            case let .failure(error):
                Logger.debug(Strings.network.api_request_failed(request.httpRequest, error: error))
            }

            request.completionHandler?(response)
        } else {
            Logger.debug(Strings.network.retrying_request(httpMethod: request.method.httpMethod,
                                                          path: request.path))

            self.state.modify {
                $0.queuedRequests.insert(request.retriedRequest(), at: 0)
            }
        }

        self.beginNextRequest()
    }

    func beginNextRequest() {
        let nextRequest: Request? = self.state.modify {
            Logger.debug(Strings.network.serial_request_done(httpMethod: $0.currentSerialRequest?.method.httpMethod,
                                                             path: $0.currentSerialRequest?.path,
                                                             queuedRequestsCount: $0.queuedRequests.count))
            $0.currentSerialRequest = $0.queuedRequests.popFirst()

            return $0.currentSerialRequest
        }

        if let nextRequest = nextRequest {
            Logger.debug(Strings.network.starting_next_request(request: nextRequest.description))
            self.start(request: nextRequest)
        }
    }

    func start(request: Request) {
        let urlRequest = self.convert(request: request.adding(defaultHeaders: self.defaultHeaders))

        guard let urlRequest = urlRequest else {
            Logger.error("Could not create request to \(request.path)")

            request.completionHandler?(
                .failure(.unableToCreateRequest(request.httpRequest.path))
            )
            return
        }

        Logger.debug(Strings.network.api_request_started(request.httpRequest))

        let task = session.dataTask(with: urlRequest) { (data, urlResponse, error) -> Void in
            self.handle(urlResponse: urlResponse,
                        request: request,
                        urlRequest: urlRequest,
                        data: data,
                        error: error)
        }
        task.resume()
    }

    func convert(request: Request) -> URLRequest? {
        guard let requestURL = request.httpRequest.path.url else {
            return nil
        }

        var urlRequest = URLRequest(url: requestURL)
        urlRequest.httpMethod = request.method.httpMethod
        urlRequest.allHTTPHeaderFields = self.headers(for: request, urlRequest: urlRequest)

        do {
            urlRequest.httpBody = try request.httpRequest.requestBody?.asData()
        } catch {
            Logger.error(Strings.network.creating_json_error(error: error.localizedDescription))
            return nil
        }

        return urlRequest
    }

    private func headers(for request: Request, urlRequest: URLRequest) -> HTTPClient.RequestHeaders {
        if request.httpRequest.path.shouldSendEtag {
            let eTagHeader = self.eTagManager.eTagHeader(for: urlRequest, refreshETag: request.retried)
            return request.headers.merging(eTagHeader)
        } else {
            return request.headers
        }
    }

}

// MARK: - Extensions

private extension HTTPRequest {

    func headers(with authHeaders: HTTPClient.RequestHeaders) -> HTTPClient.RequestHeaders {
        var result: HTTPClient.RequestHeaders = [:]

        if self.path.authenticated {
            result += authHeaders
        }

        if let nonce = self.nonce {
            result += HTTPClient.nonceHeader(with: nonce)
        }

        return result
    }

}

extension HTTPRequest.Path {

    var url: URL? {
        return URL(string: self.relativePath, relativeTo: SystemInfo.serverHostURL)
    }

    var relativePath: String {
        return "\(Self.pathPrefix)/\(self.description)"
    }

    private static let pathPrefix: String = "/v1"

}

private extension Encodable {

    func asData() throws -> Data {
        return try JSONEncoder.default.encode(self)
    }

}

private extension NetworkError {

    /// Creates a `NetworkError` from any request `Error`.
    init(_ error: Error, dnsChecker: DNSCheckerType.Type) {
        if let blockedError = dnsChecker.errorWithBlockedHostFromError(error) {
            Logger.error(blockedError.description)
            self = blockedError
        } else {
            let nsError = error as NSError

            switch (nsError.domain, nsError.code) {
            case (NSURLErrorDomain, NSURLErrorNotConnectedToInternet):
                self = .offlineConnection()
            default:
                self = .networkError(error)
            }
        }
    }

}

extension Result where Success == HTTPResponse<Data>, Failure == NetworkError {

    // Converts an unsuccessful response into a `Result.failure`
    fileprivate func convertUnsuccessfulResponseToError() -> Self {
        return self.flatMap { response in
            response.statusCode.isSuccessfulResponse
            ? .success(response)
            : .failure(
                .errorResponse(
                    ErrorResponse.from(response.body),
                    response.statusCode
                )
            )
        }
    }

    // Parses a `Result<HTTPResponse<Data>>` to `Result<HTTPResponse<Value>>`
    func parseResponse<Value: HTTPResponseBody>() -> HTTPResponse<Value>.Result {
        return self.flatMap { response in          // Convert the `Result` type
            Result<HTTPResponse<Value>, Error> {   // Create a new `Result<Value>`
                try response.mapBody { data in     // Convert the body of `HTTPResponse<Data>` from `Data` -> `Value`
                    try Value.create(with: data)   // Decode `Data` into `Value`
                }
            }
            // Convert decoding errors into `NetworkError.decoding`
            .mapError { NetworkError.decoding($0, response.body) }
        }
    }

}

private extension Result where Success == Data? {

    /// Converts a `Result<Data?, Error>` into `Result<HTTPResponse<Data?>, Failure>`
    func mapSuccessToOptionalHTTPResult(_ statusCode: HTTPStatusCode) -> Result<HTTPResponse<Data?>, Failure> {
        return self.map { HTTPResponse(statusCode: statusCode, body: $0) }
    }

}